
¨ Pulcinella in illustrations and puppets
The Pulcinella in illustrations and puppets exhibition
offers the onlooker an impression of the traditional puppet theatre which is still
very much alive around Naples (Italy) even today, and a glimpse of the life and times
of the Pulcinella character. The exhibition consists of a number of puppets and trinkets,
figurines, posters, illustrations, books, slides and a video recording of a Neapolitan
puppet theatre show. There are also many photos on view, most of them taken by Otto
van der Mieden. Many of them - for instance the `snapshot' of the characteristic
Via San Biagio dei Librai (Saint Basil of the Booksellers Street), or the
picture of a partially obliterated poster on an old church wall which shows a dying
Pulcinella - vividly recall the atmosphere of the city of Naples.
¨ A Neapolitan scoundrel
Pulcinella is one of the clown figures from the
commedia dell'arte, a theatre form dating from the sixteenth century.
Many of the characters from this Italian folk comedy have also become regular
features in other folk puppet theatres. Pulcinella himself comes from the Naples
district. He is the forefather of our own Mr Punch, the Dutch Jan Klaassen,
the French Polichinelle and many other similar comic figures from the puppet
theatre repertoire. In centuries past Italian puppeteers travelled throughout Europe,
and Pulcinella also became very popular with audiences abroad. Within a very short time
his international descendants came into being. The influence on the character from the
various countries and cultures gave rise to an international repertoire. The fight of
the comic `star' against the policeman, the monster, the devil
and Death itself is a recurring theme albeit in various guises. Whereas his
successors now wear bright harlequin clothing, the original Pulcinella is dressed
in white and he wears a half-mask. He has a floppy pointed hat on his
head, his back has a slight hump. If he behaves like a coward one day, the next
he is a cheeky scoundrel or a credulous fool. He can be long-winded, a bluffer, but he
always scampers off at the first hint of danger.
¨ Scapegoat and saviour
Pulcinella is always the scapegoat and he carries
the burden of our collective sins. In the puppet theatre Pulcinella separates himself
from his inner fears and anger and they become his opponents. Feeling safe behind his
mask, he is able to conquer his fears and he fights bravely against evil. Pulcinella
has taken the role of saviour upon himself. His character encompasses both a
devil and a Christ.
Poppenspe(e)lmuseum. Kerkweg 38, 8193 KL Vorchten NL ( +31(0)578 - 63 13 29